既然跨国公司是影响世界主要城市经济增长的发
入多少成本？对方能为你带来多少收益？ [1] Richard F.Weingroff,Public Roads,Federal-Aid Highway Act of1956:Creating the Interstate System,NationalAtlas.gov,1996,http://www.nationalatlas.gov/articles/transportation/a_highway.html. [2] Federal Highway Administration,Office of Highway Policy Information,Table HM-20:Public Road Length(2012),October2013,http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics/2012/hm20.cfm. [3] Federal Highway Administration,Office of Highway Policy Information,Table VM-1:Annual Vehicle Distance Traveled in Milesand Related Data,March 2013,http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics/2011/vm1.cfm. [4] Richard F.Weingroff,The Greatest Decade 1956-1966,FederalHighway Administration,HighwayHistory,https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/50interstate.cfm. [5] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam(Chinaneast.xinhuanet.com) [6] Paul Calore,What the Hoover Dam Cost to Build,WhatItCosts.com,http://historical.whatitcosts.com/facts-hoover-dam-pg2.htm. [7] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD),Pension Funds Investment in Infrastructure:A Survey,September 2011,http://www.oecd.org/futures/infrastructureto2030/48634596.pdf. [8] PublicWorks Financing,2011 Statistical Survey of Public-PrivatePartnershipsWorldwide,October 18,2011,http://pwfinance.net/document/October_2011_vNov202011.pdf. [9] OECD,Pension Funds. [10] Transurban,495 Express Lanes,http://www.transurban.com/269.htm. [11] Routes Online,China Investing in New Airport for MyanmarsCapital,July 11,2011,http://www.routesonline.com/news/37/momberger-airport-information/117878/china-investing-in-newairport-for-myanmars-capital/. [12] Eiffage,Millau Viaduct,http://www.eiffage.com/cms/en/le-groupe-eiffage/millau-viaduct.html [13] Areva,Structure of the Partnership for Hinkley Point C Project,http://www.areva.com/EN/news-9986/structure-of-the-partnership-for-hinkley-point-c-project.html [14] Gaurav Raghuvanshi,Rolls-Royce Pushes Focus on Singapore,Wall Street Journal,September 15,2013,http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887323595004579070744175876558. [15] The U.S.Small Business Administration,Summary of Size Standardsby Industry Sector,http://www.sba.gov/content/summarysize-standards-industry [16] McKinsey Global Institute,Urban World:The Shifting Global BusinessLandscape(McKinsey,October 2013). [17] Phil Rosenthal and Ray Long,ADM Announces It Is MovingHeadquarters to Chicago,Chicago Tribune,December 18,2013,http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2013-12-18/business/chi-admheadquarters-chicago-20131217_1_incentives-state-tax-creditheadquarters.Trim Size:6in x 9in Kotler bnotes.tex V3-07/10/20148:04am Page 214214 NOTES [18] David Barboza,Chicago,Offering Big Incentives,Will Be BoeingsNew Home,New York Times,May 11,2001,http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/11/business/chicago-offering-big-incentiveswill-be-boeing-s-new-home.html. [19] ColumMurphy,GM toMove International Headquarters to SingaporeFrom Shanghai,Wall Street Journal,November 13,2013,http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303289904579195351521001492. [20] Dan Ritter,The Auto Industrys 5 Largest Market Share Shiftsin 2013,Wall St.Cheat Sheet,January 25,2014,http://wallstcheatsheet.com/stocks/the-auto-industrys-5-largest-u-s-marketshare-shifts-in-2013.html/?a=viewall. [21] David Gelles,New Corporate Tax Shelter:A Merger Abroad,New York Times,October 8,2013,http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/10/08/to-cut-corporate-taxes-a-merger-abroad-and-a-newhome/. [22] Makiko Kitamura,Perrigo to Buy Elan for$8.6 Billion,GetIrishDomicile,Bloomberg,July 29,2013,http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-07-29/perrigo-to-buy-elan-for-8-6-billion-getirish-domicile.html. [23] Charles Riley,Pfizer Eyes AstraZeneca for$100 Billion Acquisition,CNNMoney.com,April 28,2014,http://money.cnn.com/2014/04/28/news/pfizer-astrazeneca/. [24] Nathalie Tadena,Jason Dean,and Leslie Scism,Aon ShiftsHeadquarters to London,Wall Street Journal,January 24,2012,http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052970204542404577158633936346056. [25] Ann Davis,Ensco Opts to Move to U.K.,Wall Street Journal,November 9,2009,http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052748703808904574525981001767654. [26] Brett Clanton,Another Houston Oil Firm Moves Its HeadquartersOverseas,Houston Chronicle,December 12,2008,http://www.chron.com/business/article/Another-Houston-oil-firm-moves-itsheadquarters-1769131.php. [27] DavidWethe,Noble Corp.s LondonMoveMayCut Its Tax Bill inHalf,Bloomberg,July 1,2013,http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-07-01/noble-corp-s-london-move-may-cut-its-tax-bill-inhalf.html. [28] McKinsey,Urban World,2013. [29] Ibid. [30] Ibid. [31] McKinsey Global Institute,Urban World:Mapping the EconomicPower of Cities(McKinsey,March 2011). [32] Ibid. [33] James Politi,Barack Obama Mounts Big Push to Bolster FDIin US,Financial Times,October 27,2013,http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/c5119344-3f0a-11e3-b665-00144feabdc0.html. [34] OXFAM,The Worlds Top 100 Economies:53 Countries,34Cities,and 13 Corporations,October 19,2011,http://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/the-worlds-top-100-economies-53-countries-34-cities-and-13-corporations/. [35] Vincent Trivett,25 US Mega Corporations:Where They Rank ifTheyWere Countries,Business Insider,June 27,2011,http://www.businessinsider.com/25-corporations-bigger-tan-countries-2011-6?op=1. [36] Global 500,CNNMoney,July 26,2010,http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2010/performers/companies/biggest/. [37] McKinsey,Urban World,2011. [38] Hyundai Motor Eyes Major Expansion With New Plant inChina,Reuters,March 26,2014,http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/26/hyundai-plant-idUSL4N0MM4XM20140326.第4章跨国公司如何通过选择城市实现增长 既然跨国公司是影响世界主要城市经济增长的发动机，下面我们就来研究企业是怎样选择城市的，以及它们在选择过程中注重的是城市的哪些特质。 跨国公司必须对未来高瞻远瞩才能确定可以支撑它们发展的城市。在此我们以通用汽车为例进行说明。通用汽车在美国和加拿大拥有很强的实
